- The LM393 comparator operates reliably with a power supply range of 3-5V, ensuring stable performance for various applications. - Active infrared (IR) sensors detect reflections, making the detection distance dependent on the reflectivity and size of the target. Black objects yield the shortest detection distance, while white objects provide the longest. Smaller items are detected at close range, while larger surfaces can be detected from greater distances. - The output pin can be directly connected to a single-chip microcontroller or can control a 5V relay with ease. The connection setup is straightforward, utilizing a GND-to-GND configuration. - A sensitivity adjustment knob allows users to fine-tune the detection distance to meet specific environmental requirements, making it adaptable for various applications. Applications: 1. Home automation systems where movement detection is required to trigger lights or alarms. 2. Robotics, enabling obstacle detection and navigation around small or large objects. 3. Industrial automation for monitoring assembly lines or ensuring safety around machinery. This versatile sensor module stands out for its ease of integration, reliable performance, and adjustable sensitivity, making it an essential tool for both hobbyists and professionals.