- Real-time line tracking for intelligent vehicles, robotics and automated navigation. Detects black or white lines to support line following, obstacle avoidance and pathfinding. - 5-channel greyscale sensor array with stable outputs. Monitors multiple lines simultaneously to improve efficiency and robustness in dynamic routes. - Easy integration with common microcontrollers. Compact PCB design, plug-and-play with Arduino, Raspberry Pi and other platforms. Supports 3.3V/5V logic and provides straightforward digital outputs. - Ideal for electronics enthusiasts, robotics hobbyists and STEM students who want to explore line tracking technology. Durable, lightweight board suitable for prototyping. - Practical use scenarios: line-following education robots and hobby projects; autonomous warehouse or factory robots following painted lines; prototype navigation systems with obstacle avoidance and pathfinding.