Acclaimed for its thorough presentation of mediation moderation and conditional process analysis this book has been updated to reflect the latest developments in PROCESS for SPSS SAS and new to this edition R. Using the principles of ordinary least squares regression Andrew F. Hayes illustrates each step in an analysis using diverse examples from published studies and displays SPSS SAS and R code for each example. Procedures are outlined for estimating and interpreting direct indirect and conditional effects; probing and visualizing interactions; testing hypotheses about the moderation of mechanisms; and reporting different types of analyses. Readers gain an understanding of the link between statistics and causality as well as what the data are telling them. The companion website (www. afhayes. com) provides data for all the examples plus the free PROCESS download. New to This Edition Rewritten Appendix A which provides the only documentation of PROCESS including a discussion of the syntax structure of PROCESS for R compared to SPSS and SAS. Expanded discussion of effect scaling and the difference between unstandardized completely standardized and partially standardized effects. Discussion of the meaning of and how to generate the correlation between mediator residuals in a multiple-mediator model using a new PROCESS option. Discussion of a method for comparing the strength of two specific indirect effects that are different in sign. Introduction of a bootstrap-based JohnsonâNeyman-like approach for probing moderation of mediation in a conditional process model. Discussion of testing for interaction between a causal antecedent variable [ital]X[/ital] and a mediator [ital]M[/ital] in a mediation analysis and how to test this assumption in a new PROCESS feature. . Language: English