Principle and benefits - Clear demonstration of core concepts: The device shows how a energized coil can rotate in a magnetic field to generate current, and how a closed coil can rotate in a magnetic field to produce electrical output. This provides a tangible understanding of DC motor and AC/DC generator operation for students. - Simple, intuitive design with high visibility: The vertical armature and transparent or easily observed components allow students to see the moving parts and magnetic interactions, making complex ideas easier to grasp without extra equipment. - Reliable, maintenance-friendly construction: Permanent magnets serve as the magnetic poles, delivering a stable magnetic field and reducing maintenance compared with electromagnet configurations. The design emphasizes straightforward assembly and demonstration reliability. Key attributes - Function: Demonstrates the structure and working principles of DC motors and AC/DC generators in junior high school physics teaching. - Structure: Built around a U-shaped bracket, armature, magnet, collector ring, electric brush, base, rocker, and upper cover for a compact demonstration unit. - Materials and magnets: Uses permanent magnets as magnetic poles for consistent performance and visibility. - Design characteristics: Simple structure with a vertical armature, prioritizing visibility, ease of understanding, and effective demonstration. - Compatibility and scope: Ideal for classroom demonstrations, lab activities, and student-led experiments in junior high physics curricula. 2-3 use scenarios - In-class demonstration: Use during a junior high physics lesson to illustrate the structure and operating principles of DC motors and AC/DC generators, providing students with a concrete visual reference. - Laboratory activity: Assign a hands-on activity where students observe current generation as the coil or rotor moves within the magnetic field, reinforcing concepts of electromagnetism and energy conversion. - Student project or science fair: Employ the instrument to demonstrate motor and generator principles, enabling students to explain how magnetic fields and electrical circuits interact to produce motion and electricity.